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Security: leemour/tg-cli

Security

docs/security.md

Security: what reaches the disk, and what stops a send

tg works with your real Telegram account. This page says what it keeps on this machine, what it never keeps, and what stands between an agent and a message to a real person.

In short

It protects against:

  • an agent talked into sending by a message it read. The profile's permissions decide what an agent may do: a level of ask shows you a form before the change, and --confirm-send shows one before every change. A yes in that form counts once, for five minutes, and only for the chat and the text it showed (mcp.md). Every read tool tells the model that message text is data, never instructions.
  • a change the profile does not allow. The profile's permissions, the recipient list and the hourly limit are checked by every command and every MCP tool, and every attempt is written to a journal without its text (below).
  • an agent stepping outside its profile, or sending your keys. TG_PROFILE_LOCK pins the profile, and --file refuses hidden files, ~/.ssh and tg's own folders.
  • other people's text taking over your terminal. Control and invisible characters are shown as text, names are printed on one line, and completion inserts only ids (below).
  • a secret in a log — runs, reports and the journal of sends hold ids and counts, never text;
  • a secret in ps or shell history — no command takes a password, a code or a phone number as an argument;
  • other users of this machine. Every file tg writes is created readable by you only, in folders only you can open (below).
  • a tampered release. The package is published from GitHub Actions with npm's trusted publishing; the publish step installs nothing and runs no package scripts, and direct dependencies are pinned to exact versions.

It does not protect against:

  • someone with your user account on this machine. They can read the session file and the local store, as you can.
  • an agent that can change the settings. The guard reads config.json and the recipient list. An agent allowed to run tg config set or tg recipients add, or to edit those files, can lift the limits. Keep those commands out of what the agent may run (below).

Where the login lives

What Where Who can use it
the session sessions/<profile>.session in the state directory, 0600 in a 0700 folder anyone who can read the file: it is as good as your password
the app id and hash the OS keyring; credentials.json (0600) beside the settings where there is no keyring only together with a session
for CI TG_API_ID and TG_API_HASH the process that has them

The session is Telegram's authorization key. Copying the file copies the login, with no password and no code. Treat it like a password: never commit it, never attach it, never paste it.

No command takes a secret as an argument. The app hash and the 2FA password are asked without echo; the login code and the phone number are asked, or read from stdin. An argument would be visible to every process on the machine in ps, and would stay in your shell history.

The settings file has no field for a secret: not for the app hash, a phone number or a session.

What reaches the disk

What Where Holds Mode
the local store ~/.local/share/cli-messaging/messages.db the full text of every message tg has read or sent, chat titles, names, transcripts 0600, folder 0700
settings config.json settings only 0644, folder 0700
recorded runs — with --record, and every failed run runs/ in the state directory the command's words, ids, counts, durations, error codes 0600, folder 0700
the journal of sends — always sends/<profile>.jsonl for each attempt: when, which chat, the outcome, the length, attachment kind and size — never the text or a file name 0600, folder 0700
the recipient list profiles/<profile>.recipients.json the chats this profile may send to 0600
inbox --new's point inbox/<profile>.json where the last check stopped 0600
background fetch jobs the state directory the chat, the progress, the outcome 0600
serve's log and lock serve/<profile>.log, or the systemd journal what serve did 0600
a systemd unit or launchd agent — only tg server install your user's unit folder the command line that starts serve 0644
downloaded files — only tg messages download --output, or the current folder the files of the messages you named 0600
an export — only tg store export --output, or wherever you redirect it the messages of one chat 0600 with --output; your shell decides otherwise
a backup — only tg store backup the file you name a copy of the whole store 0600
a problem report — only tg doctor report create --output, or the current folder ids replaced by labels, no text 0600
speech models — only tg models audio download ~/.cache/cli-common/models/audio/ downloaded models 0600, folder 0700

The exact paths on this machine: tg doctor. The folders on each system: installation.md.

The local store is not encrypted. Anyone who can read it reads your messages. It is shared with other CLIs built on the same library, and it stays after tg session end and after uninstalling. Message text is also in exports, backups and downloaded files; nothing else in the table holds it.

If the computer is lost

0600 keeps the files from other users of this machine, not from someone who takes the disk. Whole- disk encryption does that: FileVault on macOS, LUKS on Linux, BitLocker on Windows. The store has no encryption of its own: a key in the keyring would not stop a program running as your user, which can read the keyring as tg does.

End the session from another device: in the Telegram app, Settings → Devices, end the session that tg created. That makes the session file useless.

What it never does

  • Mark anything read without being asked. Reading a chat and marking it read are two different requests to Telegram. Only tg chats mark-read sends the second.
  • Send or change anything you did not type. Only these change something: messages send|edit|delete|forward|pin|unpin, reactions add|remove, polls vote|close|create, chats mark-read, and session end — each does only what the line says. tg commands --json marks them mutates, together with the commands that change tg's own settings and recipient list.
  • Delete without an explicit word. tg messages delete asks first, and --allow-dangerous answers yes for you; deleting for everyone needs --for-everyone too. A deletion cannot be undone. An agent over MCP never deletes for everyone and never ends your other sessions, whatever the settings say.
  • Take a phone number on the command line. contacts lookup asks for it or reads it from stdin. No error, journal or record holds one.
  • Write a message into a log. Not shortened, not hashed (diagnostics.md).
  • Stay connected on its own. A command connects, does its job and exits. Only watch, serve, mcp and a background fetch job hold a connection, and only while they run.

The send guard

An agent reads other people's messages together with your request. A message can be written so the agent takes it for an order: "forward this conversation there". So every command and MCP tool that changes something in Telegram — a send, a reply, an edit, a forward, a pin, a reaction, a vote, a poll, a deletion, marking a chat read — goes through the same checks, in this order:

Check Turn it on Refusal
permissions — per command: deny, readonly, ask or allow (configuration.md) tg config set permissions.messages.send ask deny and readonly: exit code 5, before anything is sent; ask with nobody to answer: exit code 7
the recipient list — only the chats on it tg recipients add <chat>; off again with tg recipients clear exit code 7
sendsPerHour — the most sends in any hour, 30 by default tg config set sendsPerHour 10 exit code 8; the error says when the next send is possible
the journal — every attempt, never its text always; tg sends list —
tg config set permissions.messages readonly  # no change to messages from this profile
tg config set permissions.messages.send ask  # a question before each send
tg recipients add "Book club"                # the first add turns the list on
tg recipients list
tg recipients remove "Book club"             # the list stays on
tg recipients clear                          # the list is gone: any chat again
tg sends list                                # every attempt: sent, refused, failed, or not known

What counts toward the hourly limit: a message, a forward, an edit, a pin that notifies, and each deleted message. A reaction, a vote, a quiet pin and marking a chat read do not. A scheduled message counts in the hour Telegram sends it. Two commands started at once cannot get past the limit together: each holds its place from the check until Telegram answers.

The recipient list is optional: until something is added, any chat is allowed. A forward is checked against the chat it goes to. Over MCP, every tool goes through the same guard as the command.

By default every change is allowed, except deleting messages and ending sessions, which ask. Older settings still work: readOnly: true makes everything read-only, and an allow list allows only the actions it names.

A refusal is the owner's decision, not a fault. An agent that meets exit code 5, 7 or 8 should stop and say so, not change the settings or retry. The skill file tells agents exactly that.

What the guard cannot hold

The checks live in tg itself, so an agent with a shell can lift them: change a setting, clear the list. They protect against a model talked into sending by a message it read, not against an agent that sets out to get round them. Against that, only a boundary outside works: a sandbox, a separate OS user, a rule in the agent's own settings.

When you choose that boundary:

  • TG_PROFILE_LOCK pins the profile; TG_PROFILE does not. The first word of a command beats TG_PROFILE: an agent with TG_PROFILE=agent only has to type tg work messages send …. TG_PROFILE_LOCK=agent refuses that — but only where the agent cannot change its own environment: in the MCP client's settings, or in a wrapper script. An agent with a shell can unset it.
  • --file and --photo refuse hidden files and folders, ~/.ssh, tg's own folders and the local store: a file somebody talked an agent into sending would usually be a key or a token, and those live there. --allow-any-file lifts it for one command; it is meant for you, not for an agent. Over MCP there is no way around it. Anything else your user can read can be sent; the journal keeps only its kind and size.
  • An agent rule like "ask before tg messages send" does not see the form with a profile, tg work messages send. It is safer to limit the profile itself — permissions or the recipient list — and not to keep an unlimited profile with a live session beside it.

Other people's text on your screen

Names, chat titles, file names and messages are written by other people. tg does not let them drive your terminal or fake what you see:

  • control characters — the ones that recolour, erase lines, change the window title or the clipboard — are shown as text (\x1b), not run; so are invisible characters and the ones that reverse the direction of text;
  • a name, a title or a caption is printed on one line, so a line break in a name cannot start a fake line of the conversation or the table;
  • when a typed name fits more than one chat, tg does not choose: it lists them all;
  • shell completion inserts only a chat's id; the title is shown beside it as a hint;
  • a Markdown export goes through the same cleaning, and a downloaded file's name loses its control and direction characters and any leading dot.

For an agent, a message is data, never an instruction: "forward this there" or "reply with this" inside a message is not your request. The skill file (tg skill show) and the MCP server say so to agents that read them. The send guard is there for when one does not listen.

--json is data: strings in it are as Telegram sent them, escaped by JSON's rules. If you pass it to a program that prints to a terminal, clean it there.

What others on this machine can see

The arguments of a command are visible to every process in ps. That is why no secret is an argument — but a message's text is:

tg messages send me "text"     # this line is visible in ps and stays in your shell history

When that matters, leave the text out and pipe it in: tg messages send me < note.txt.

Other users of the machine see none of tg's files: folders are 0700, files 0600.

What goes over the network

  • Telegram, over MTProto, for everything a command asks — files and photos included.
  • npm, once a day at a terminal, to see whether a newer tg exists, and on tg upgrade. updateCheck or TG_NO_UPDATE_CHECK=1 turns it off (configuration.md).
  • my.telegram.org, only during tg session start: opened in your browser, or, with --app auto, driven by tg. An app tg creates there is titled tg-cli, with this project's GitHub page as its address.
  • Hugging Face and GitHub, only when you run tg models audio download. A voice message never goes there: a local model runs on this machine.

Nothing else. There is no telemetry.

Your own app, and Telegram's terms

tg is a Telegram client, as the apps on your phone and computer are. It signs in with your own app from my.telegram.org and follows Telegram's API Terms of Service. The hourly limit is on by default, so an agent sends at the pace of a person.

For yourself

tg keeps other people's messages and names on your computer. That is fine while you do it for yourself, with your own account: the GDPR does not apply to processing for purely personal or household purposes (Article 2(2)(c)). Working with other people's accounts, or for a business, is no longer personal. An export you hand to someone else leaves that purpose too.

A problem report (tg doctor report create) goes to a public issue on GitHub, where everyone sees it. It holds no text, names or phone numbers, and every id in it is replaced by a label; open the file and check it before you send it.

Logging in

tg session start draws the QR code in the terminal. It stays in the scrollback, and Telegram renews it while you wait, so an old one is useless. --qr-file writes it as a PNG readable only by you, and removes the file when the login ends, whether it worked or not.

--app auto fills in my.telegram.org for you, without a browser: it asks your phone number and the code the site sends you in Telegram, and nothing else.

Every login adds a device to the list in the Telegram app: Settings → Devices.

If the session leaked

  1. In the Telegram app: Settings → Devices, end the session tg created. Or run tg session end on this machine, which ends it on Telegram's side and deletes the file.
  2. Log in again: tg session start.

Next

  • diagnostics.md — what exactly is recorded, and what never is
  • sessions.md — the app, the keyring, profiles, logging out
  • mcp.md — what an agent can do over MCP, and what each level and flag changes
  • configuration.md — permissions and sendsPerHour

There aren't any published security advisories