cpp-standards-coverage.md

Standard coverage: C++11 -> C++23

What the lab already teaches, and what is still missing. The checklist follows the feature lists of each standard, cross-checked against the syllabus of federico-busato/Modern-CPP-Programming (chapters 3-22 map onto the core/ modules, 26-27 onto dp/).

Legend:

	Meaning
done	a finished example demonstrates it
draft	the file exists, lists what it should show and prints that outline; the code is not written yet (marked [draft] in the menu)
partial	touched inside another example, no example of its own

List every unfinished example with:

./build/bin/cpp_lab_project --list | grep draft

---

1. C++11

Feature	Status	Example
auto, decltype, trailing return types	done	core/datatype/TypeConversions
Range-based for, nullptr, uniform init	done	core/basics/ControlFlow, core/basics/Initialization
Scoped enums, underlying types	done	core/datatype/Enum
constexpr, static_assert	done	core/basics/TypeQualifier
Lambdas and closures	done	core/function/Lambda
Rvalue references, std::move	done	core/datatype/Reference
Move constructor / move assignment	draft	core/class/MoveSemantics
Perfect forwarding, reference collapsing	draft	core/function/PerfectForwarding
Variadic templates, parameter packs	done	core/utils/Variadic
Defaulted / deleted / delegating constructors	done	core/class/Constructor
override, final, inheriting constructors	draft	core/class/Inheritance
Smart pointers	done	core/smart_pointer/{Unique,Shared,Weak}
std::function, std::bind	done	core/function/Functional
std::array, unordered containers	done	core/container/...
std::tuple, std::tie	draft	core/utils/Tuple
<chrono>	done	core/concurrency/Timing, core/datetime/Time
<random>	draft	core/utils/Random (used in passing by core/basics/ControlFlow)
<regex>	done	core/utils/Regex
<type_traits>	done	core/utils/TypeTraits
Threads, mutex, condition variable, futures	done	core/concurrency/*
std::atomic, memory orders	draft	core/concurrency/Atomic (a counter appears in RaceCondition)
thread_local	done	core/concurrency/SharingData
noexcept	done	core/exception/ThrowNoexcept
Raw string literals, user-defined literals	draft	core/datatype/UserDefinedLiteral
Alias templates (using)	done	core/datatype/TypeConversions
Attributes ([[noreturn]], ...)	draft	core/basics/Attributes
Function / class templates, specialization	draft	core/template/* (nine drafts)

2. C++14

Feature	Status	Example
Generic lambdas, init captures	done	core/function/Lambda
std::make_unique	done	core/smart_pointer/Unique
Binary literals, digit separators	done	core/basics/Operations
Return type deduction, relaxed constexpr	draft	core/template/FunctionTemplate
Variable templates	draft	core/template/VariableTemplate
std::exchange	partial	used by core/class/RuleOfThreeFiveZero, explained in core/utils/Utility (draft)
std::shared_timed_mutex	draft	core/concurrency/SharedMutex
[[deprecated]]	draft	core/basics/Attributes

3. C++17

Feature	Status	Example
Structured bindings	done	core/datatype/Struct
if / switch with initializer	done	core/basics/ControlFlow
if constexpr	partial	core/basics/TypeQualifier; in depth in core/template/Sfinae (draft)
Fold expressions	done	core/utils/Variadic
Class template argument deduction, deduction guides	draft	core/template/ClassTemplate
Inline variables	done	core/linkage/sharing/Sharing
std::optional	done	core/utils/Optional
std::variant	done	core/datatype/Union
std::any	draft	core/utils/Any
std::string_view	done	core/string/StdString
std::filesystem	done	core/filehandle/Directory
std::byte	draft	core/datatype/Byte
std::apply, std::make_from_tuple	draft	core/utils/Tuple
std::invoke	done	core/function/Functional
std::shared_mutex, std::scoped_lock	draft	core/concurrency/SharedMutex
Parallel algorithms (execution policies)	draft	core/concurrency/ParallelAlgorithm
reduce, transform_reduce, scans	draft	core/utils/Numeric
Map/set improvements (try_emplace, extract, merge)	draft	core/container/associative/Map
Guaranteed copy elision	draft	core/class/MoveSemantics
[[nodiscard]], [[maybe_unused]], [[fallthrough]]	draft	core/basics/Attributes

4. C++20

Feature	Status	Example
Concepts	partial	core/utils/TypeTraits; in depth in core/template/Concepts (draft)
Ranges and views	partial	core/utils/Algorithm; in depth in core/utils/Ranges (draft)
std::format	done	core/string/StringFormatting, core/filehandle/OutputFormatting
Three-way comparison <=>	done	core/function/operator_overloading/ComparisonOperator
Designated initializers	done	core/basics/Initialization
consteval, constinit	done	core/basics/TypeQualifier
std::span	partial	core/datatype/Array; in depth in core/utils/Span (draft)
std::jthread, std::stop_token	done	core/concurrency/ThreadManagement
std::latch, std::barrier, semaphores	draft	core/concurrency/Synchronization
std::atomic_ref, wait/notify	draft	core/concurrency/Atomic
Coroutines (co_await, co_yield)	draft	core/concurrency/Coroutine
Modules	draft	core/linkage/Modules (documentation only: modules need extra build support)
std::bit_cast	done	core/datatype/Union
<bit>: popcount, rotl, bit_width	draft	core/datatype/BitOperations
Calendar and time zones in <chrono>	done	core/datetime/Time
std::source_location	partial	used by lab/Logger; explained in core/utils/SourceLocation (draft)
starts_with / ends_with, erase_if	done	core/string/StdString, core/container/sequence/Vector
using enum	done	core/datatype/Enum
std::cmp_less and friends	draft	core/utils/Utility
Abbreviated function templates (auto parameters)	draft	core/template/FunctionTemplate
[[likely]], [[unlikely]]	draft	core/basics/Attributes

5. C++23

Feature	Status	Example
std::expected	draft	core/utils/Expected
std::print, std::println	draft	core/filehandle/Print
Deducing this (explicit object parameter)	draft	core/class/DeducingThis
std::mdspan	draft	core/utils/Mdspan
std::flat_map, std::flat_set	draft	core/container/adapter/FlatMap
std::generator	draft	core/concurrency/Coroutine
ranges::to, zip, chunk, adjacent	draft	core/utils/Ranges
std::to_underlying	partial	used by core/datatype/Enum, listed in core/utils/Utility (draft)
std::byteswap	draft	core/datatype/BitOperations
std::stacktrace	draft	core/utils/SourceLocation
[[assume]], if consteval	draft	core/basics/Attributes
Multidimensional subscript m[i, j]	draft	core/utils/Mdspan

Several C++23 library features need a recent toolchain (GCC 13/14, Clang 16/18). Each draft names the version it needs; check before writing the code, and guard with a feature-test macro (__cpp_lib_expected, __cpp_lib_print, ...) if the example must build everywhere.

6. Design patterns and idioms

The 23 Gang of Four patterns were complete except Interpreter, which is now a draft under dp/behavioral. The new dp/idiom/ folder collects C++-specific patterns: Pimpl and TypeErasure (both drafts); RAII, rule of 0/3/5, copy-and-swap, CRTP and the Meyers singleton are already shown elsewhere (see src/dp/idiom/README.md).

7. Deliberately out of scope

• C++26: still moving (reflection, contracts, std::execution). Nothing is planned yet.
• Modules as a build feature: the lab stays header-based; core/linkage/Modules explains the syntax and what it would take to switch.
• Compiler internals and optimisation (chapters 23-25 of the reference course): benchmarking belongs in a separate project, not in a single-process menu of examples.

---

8. Filling in a draft

1. Run it: ./build/bin/cpp_lab_project --run core/utils/Expected - it prints its own outline.
2. Open the file, replace outline() with real demonstrations (keep helpers in the anonymous namespace, structure the output with LOG_SECTION).
3. Remove lab::kDraft from LAB_EXAMPLE and update the table in the folder's README.md.
4. cmake --build build && ctest --test-dir build -R "example:core/utils/Expected".

Conventions and the full checklist: adding-examples.md.