diff --git a/bench/bench.py b/bench/bench.py
index ea15d4c..b2c742e 100644
--- a/bench/bench.py
+++ b/bench/bench.py
@@ -82,7 +82,9 @@ def load_lints(checkout):
     mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
     spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
     lints = dict(mod.load_sql_files(checkout / "lints"))
-    lints["all"] = "\nunion all\n".join(lints.values())
+    # What splinter.sql runs, minus the header (sent separately): each checkout's own
+    # compile_sql, so changes to how lints are combined are measured too.
+    lints["all"] = mod.compile_sql(dict(lints)).removeprefix(mod.HEADER)
     return mod.HEADER, lints
 
 
diff --git a/bin/compile.py b/bin/compile.py
index e7beba9..33bc27e 100755
--- a/bin/compile.py
+++ b/bin/compile.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import re
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Dict
 
@@ -59,8 +60,38 @@ def load_sql_files(directory_path) -> Dict[str, str]:
     return queries
 
 
+# A CTE that several lints compute identically, between these markers. Each lint
+# keeps its own copy so it still runs on its own (tests, splinter.json); splinter.sql
+# lifts one materialized copy above the union so the work is done once.
+SHARED_CTE_RE = re.compile(
+    r"[ \t]*-- shared-cte-start: (\w+)\n(.*?)\n[ \t]*-- shared-cte-end\n", re.S
+)
+
+
+def hoist_shared_ctes(sql_map: Dict[str, str]) -> tuple[Dict[str, str], Dict[str, str]]:
+    shared: Dict[str, str] = {}
+    hoisted: Dict[str, str] = {}
+    for stem, query in sql_map.items():
+        for name, body in SHARED_CTE_RE.findall(query):
+            body = body.strip().rstrip(",")
+            if shared.setdefault(name, body) != body:
+                raise Exception(
+                    f"{stem}: shared CTE {name} differs from another lint's copy"
+                )
+        hoisted[stem] = SHARED_CTE_RE.sub("", query)
+    return shared, hoisted
+
+
 def compile_sql(sql_map: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
-    return HEADER + "\n" + "\nunion all\n".join(sql_map.values())
+    shared, sql_map = hoist_shared_ctes(sql_map)
+    with_clause = ""
+    if shared:
+        ctes = [
+            body.replace(f"{name} as (", f"{name} as materialized (", 1)
+            for name, body in shared.items()
+        ]
+        with_clause = "with\n" + ",\n".join(ctes) + "\n"
+    return HEADER + "\n" + with_clause + "\nunion all\n".join(sql_map.values())
 
 
 def main() -> None:
diff --git a/lints/0003_auth_rls_initplan.sql b/lints/0003_auth_rls_initplan.sql
index 4f49a54..4136f27 100644
--- a/lints/0003_auth_rls_initplan.sql
+++ b/lints/0003_auth_rls_initplan.sql
@@ -1,6 +1,21 @@
 create view lint."0003_auth_rls_initplan" as
 
-with policies as materialized (
+with
+    -- shared-cte-start: splinter_policies
+    -- pg_policy with qual and with_check as pg_policies reports them
+    splinter_policies as (
+        select
+            polname,
+            polrelid,
+            polcmd,
+            polpermissive,
+            polroles,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polqual, polrelid) as qual,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polwithcheck, polrelid) as with_check
+        from pg_catalog.pg_policy
+    ),
+    -- shared-cte-end
+    policies as materialized (
     select
         nsp.nspname as schema_name,
         pc.relname as table_name,
@@ -15,11 +30,10 @@ with policies as materialized (
             when 'd' then 'DELETE'
             when '*' then 'ALL'
         end as command,
-        -- what pg_policies reports as qual and with_check
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid) as qual,
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid) as with_check
+        pa.qual,
+        pa.with_check
     from
-        pg_catalog.pg_policy pa
+        splinter_policies pa
         join pg_catalog.pg_class pc
             on pa.polrelid = pc.oid
         join pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp
diff --git a/lints/0015_rls_references_user_metadata.sql b/lints/0015_rls_references_user_metadata.sql
index a810884..0040ebd 100644
--- a/lints/0015_rls_references_user_metadata.sql
+++ b/lints/0015_rls_references_user_metadata.sql
@@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
 create view lint."0015_rls_references_user_metadata" as
 
-with policies as (
+with
+    -- shared-cte-start: splinter_policies
+    -- pg_policy with qual and with_check as pg_policies reports them
+    splinter_policies as (
+        select
+            polname,
+            polrelid,
+            polcmd,
+            polpermissive,
+            polroles,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polqual, polrelid) as qual,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polwithcheck, polrelid) as with_check
+        from pg_catalog.pg_policy
+    ),
+    -- shared-cte-end
+    policies as (
     select
         nsp.nspname as schema_name,
         pc.relname as table_name,
         polname as policy_name,
-        -- what pg_policies reports as qual and with_check
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid) as qual,
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid) as with_check
+        pa.qual,
+        pa.with_check
     from
-        pg_catalog.pg_policy pa
+        splinter_policies pa
         join pg_catalog.pg_class pc
             on pa.polrelid = pc.oid
         join pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp
diff --git a/lints/0024_rls_policy_always_true.sql b/lints/0024_rls_policy_always_true.sql
index 2e5a389..f72ef07 100644
--- a/lints/0024_rls_policy_always_true.sql
+++ b/lints/0024_rls_policy_always_true.sql
@@ -2,7 +2,22 @@ create view lint."0024_rls_policy_always_true" as
 
 -- Detects RLS policies that are overly permissive (e.g., USING (true), USING (1=1))
 -- These policies effectively disable row-level security while giving a false sense of security
-with policies as (
+with
+    -- shared-cte-start: splinter_policies
+    -- pg_policy with qual and with_check as pg_policies reports them
+    splinter_policies as (
+        select
+            polname,
+            polrelid,
+            polcmd,
+            polpermissive,
+            polroles,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polqual, polrelid) as qual,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polwithcheck, polrelid) as with_check
+        from pg_catalog.pg_policy
+    ),
+    -- shared-cte-end
+    policies as (
     select
         nsp.nspname as schema_name,
         pc.relname as table_name,
@@ -18,14 +33,13 @@ with policies as (
             when 'd' then 'DELETE'
             when '*' then 'ALL'
         end as command,
-        -- what pg_policies reports as qual and with_check
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid) as qual,
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid) as with_check,
+        pa.qual,
+        pa.with_check,
         -- Normalize expressions by removing whitespace and lowercasing
-        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid), '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_qual,
-        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid), '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_with_check
+        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pa.qual, '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_qual,
+        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pa.with_check, '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_with_check
     from
-        pg_catalog.pg_policy pa
+        splinter_policies pa
         join pg_catalog.pg_class pc
             on pa.polrelid = pc.oid
         join pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp
diff --git a/splinter.sql b/splinter.sql
index 9a1708a..c4d5924 100644
--- a/splinter.sql
+++ b/splinter.sql
@@ -22,6 +22,19 @@ begin
     perform pg_catalog.set_config('splinter.public_buckets', buckets, true);
 end $$;
 
+with
+-- pg_policy with qual and with_check as pg_policies reports them
+    splinter_policies as materialized (
+        select
+            polname,
+            polrelid,
+            polcmd,
+            polpermissive,
+            polroles,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polqual, polrelid) as qual,
+            pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polwithcheck, polrelid) as with_check
+        from pg_catalog.pg_policy
+    )
 (
 with foreign_keys as (
     select
@@ -189,7 +202,8 @@ group by
     c.oid)
 union all
 (
-with policies as materialized (
+with
+    policies as materialized (
     select
         nsp.nspname as schema_name,
         pc.relname as table_name,
@@ -204,11 +218,10 @@ with policies as materialized (
             when 'd' then 'DELETE'
             when '*' then 'ALL'
         end as command,
-        -- what pg_policies reports as qual and with_check
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid) as qual,
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid) as with_check
+        pa.qual,
+        pa.with_check
     from
-        pg_catalog.pg_policy pa
+        splinter_policies pa
         join pg_catalog.pg_class pc
             on pa.polrelid = pc.oid
         join pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp
@@ -778,16 +791,16 @@ where
     and pe.extnamespace::regnamespace::text = 'public')
 union all
 (
-with policies as (
+with
+    policies as (
     select
         nsp.nspname as schema_name,
         pc.relname as table_name,
         polname as policy_name,
-        -- what pg_policies reports as qual and with_check
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid) as qual,
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid) as with_check
+        pa.qual,
+        pa.with_check
     from
-        pg_catalog.pg_policy pa
+        splinter_policies pa
         join pg_catalog.pg_class pc
             on pa.polrelid = pc.oid
         join pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp
@@ -1286,7 +1299,8 @@ union all
 (
 -- Detects RLS policies that are overly permissive (e.g., USING (true), USING (1=1))
 -- These policies effectively disable row-level security while giving a false sense of security
-with policies as (
+with
+    policies as (
     select
         nsp.nspname as schema_name,
         pc.relname as table_name,
@@ -1302,14 +1316,13 @@ with policies as (
             when 'd' then 'DELETE'
             when '*' then 'ALL'
         end as command,
-        -- what pg_policies reports as qual and with_check
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid) as qual,
-        pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid) as with_check,
+        pa.qual,
+        pa.with_check,
         -- Normalize expressions by removing whitespace and lowercasing
-        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polqual, pa.polrelid), '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_qual,
-        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pa.polwithcheck, pa.polrelid), '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_with_check
+        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pa.qual, '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_qual,
+        replace(replace(replace(lower(coalesce(pa.with_check, '')), ' ', ''), E'\n', ''), E'\t', '') as normalized_with_check
     from
-        pg_catalog.pg_policy pa
+        splinter_policies pa
         join pg_catalog.pg_class pc
             on pa.polrelid = pc.oid
         join pg_catalog.pg_namespace nsp