diff --git a/crates/outer/src/auth/oauth.rs b/crates/outer/src/auth/oauth.rs
index 3a8eb5b..8f55937 100644
--- a/crates/outer/src/auth/oauth.rs
+++ b/crates/outer/src/auth/oauth.rs
@@ -560,7 +560,9 @@ async fn authorize_post(
     }
 }
 
-/// Allow and deny redirects carry `iss` (RFC 9207) plus `state` when sent.
+/// Allow and deny hand the browser back to the client (see
+/// `pages::return_page` for why it isn't a 302). The URL carries `iss`
+/// (RFC 9207) plus `state` when sent.
 fn redirect(base: &str, params: &[(&str, &str)], state: Option<&str>, issuer: &str) -> Response {
     let mut url = match Url::parse(base) {
         Ok(url) => url,
@@ -582,7 +584,15 @@ fn redirect(base: &str, params: &[(&str, &str)], state: Option<&str>, issuer: &s
         }
         pairs.append_pair("iss", issuer);
     }
-    (StatusCode::FOUND, [("location", url.to_string())], "").into_response()
+    let host = match url.host_str() {
+        Some(host) => host.to_string(),
+        None => format!("{}:", url.scheme()),
+    };
+    html(
+        StatusCode::OK,
+        pages::return_page(url.as_str(), &host),
+        None,
+    )
 }
 
 /// `POST /oauth/register` (RFC 7591): public clients only, HTTPS or loopback
diff --git a/crates/outer/src/auth/pages.rs b/crates/outer/src/auth/pages.rs
index 1df8a9e..d971e27 100644
--- a/crates/outer/src/auth/pages.rs
+++ b/crates/outer/src/auth/pages.rs
@@ -150,6 +150,33 @@ pub fn consent_page(client: &ClientDoc, scope: &str, request_id: &str, csrf: &st
     )
 }
 
+/// After Allow/Deny: hand the browser back to the client with a page that
+/// navigates by itself (`<meta refresh>`) instead of a 302 answer to the form
+/// POST. Browsers apply CSP `form-action` to every hop of a form
+/// submission's redirect chain, and some clients bounce through more than one
+/// origin before landing (Gemini: oauth-redirect.googleusercontent.com, then
+/// Google's own pages), so a 302 gets the user stuck on the consent page. A
+/// refresh is a fresh navigation that `form-action` doesn't govern. The link
+/// is the fallback when refresh is disabled.
+pub fn return_page(url: &str, host: &str) -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        (maud::DOCTYPE)
+        html lang="en" {
+            head {
+                meta charset="utf-8";
+                meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1";
+                meta http-equiv="refresh" content=(format!("0;url={url}"));
+                title { "Returning · Outer" }
+            }
+            body style="font-family:system-ui,sans-serif;max-width:28rem;margin:3rem auto;padding:0 1rem;line-height:1.5;" {
+                h1 style="font-size:1.25rem;" { "Outer" }
+                p { "Returning to " strong { (host) } "…" }
+                p { a href=(url) { "Continue to " (host) } }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn error_page(title: &str, message: &str) -> Markup {
     layout(
         title,
diff --git a/crates/outer/src/auth/tests.rs b/crates/outer/src/auth/tests.rs
index 2597780..6071e8d 100644
--- a/crates/outer/src/auth/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/outer/src/auth/tests.rs
@@ -108,19 +108,16 @@ fn raw_set_session(headers: &HeaderMap) -> String {
         .expect("session cookie set")
 }
 
-fn location_query(headers: &HeaderMap) -> (StatusCode, HashMap<String, String>) {
-    let location = headers
-        .get("location")
-        .unwrap()
-        .to_str()
-        .unwrap()
-        .to_string();
-    let params = url::Url::parse(&format!("http://redirect.invalid{location}"))
+/// The client URL the Allow/Deny page navigates to (its `<meta refresh>`).
+fn return_query(body: &str) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+    let start = body.find("0;url=").expect("refresh target") + "0;url=".len();
+    let end = start + body[start..].find('"').expect("closing quote");
+    let target = body[start..end].replace("&amp;", "&");
+    url::Url::parse(&target)
         .unwrap()
         .query_pairs()
         .map(|(key, value)| (key.to_string(), value.to_string()))
-        .collect();
-    (StatusCode::FOUND, params)
+        .collect()
 }
 
 fn app_with(state: &AuthState) -> Router {
@@ -316,9 +313,9 @@ async fn allow(
         ]),
     );
     req.headers_mut().insert("cookie", session.parse().unwrap());
-    let (status, headers, _) = send(&flow.app, req).await;
-    assert_eq!(status, StatusCode::FOUND);
-    let (_, params) = location_query(&headers);
+    let (status, _, body) = send(&flow.app, req).await;
+    assert_eq!(status, StatusCode::OK);
+    let params = return_query(&body);
     assert_eq!(params.get("state").map(String::as_str), Some("xyz-state"));
     assert_eq!(params.get("iss").map(String::as_str), Some(ISSUER));
     assert!(params.contains_key("code"));
@@ -450,9 +447,9 @@ async fn full_authorize_flow_mints_a_working_token() {
         ]),
     );
     req.headers_mut().insert("cookie", session.parse().unwrap());
-    let (status, headers, _) = send(&flow.app, req).await;
-    assert_eq!(status, StatusCode::FOUND);
-    let (_, params) = location_query(&headers);
+    let (status, _, body) = send(&flow.app, req).await;
+    assert_eq!(status, StatusCode::OK);
+    let params = return_query(&body);
     assert_eq!(
         params.get("error").map(String::as_str),
         Some("access_denied")