diff --git a/src/main/resources/META-INF/rewrite/jakarta-ee-9.yml b/src/main/resources/META-INF/rewrite/jakarta-ee-9.yml
index 9c8a35a7e4..76d5d27232 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/META-INF/rewrite/jakarta-ee-9.yml
+++ b/src/main/resources/META-INF/rewrite/jakarta-ee-9.yml
@@ -1213,8 +1213,8 @@ name: org.openrewrite.java.migrate.jakarta.JavaxPersistenceXmlToJakartaPersisten
 displayName: Migrate xmlns entries in `persistence.xml` files
 description: Java EE has been rebranded to Jakarta EE, necessitating an XML namespace relocation.
 preconditions:
-  - org.openrewrite.FindSourceFiles:
-      filePattern: '**/persistence.xml'
+  - org.openrewrite.xml.search.FindTags:
+      xPath: /persistence[@xmlns='http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence' or @xmlns='http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence']
   - org.openrewrite.Singleton
 recipeList:
   - org.openrewrite.xml.ChangeTagAttribute:
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/java/migrate/jakarta/JavaxPersistenceXmlToJakartaPersistenceXmlTest.java b/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/java/migrate/jakarta/JavaxPersistenceXmlToJakartaPersistenceXmlTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..15b53ab375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/java/migrate/jakarta/JavaxPersistenceXmlToJakartaPersistenceXmlTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2025 the original author or authors.
+ * <p>
+ * Licensed under the Moderne Source Available License (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * <p>
+ * https://docs.moderne.io/licensing/moderne-source-available-license
+ * <p>
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.openrewrite.java.migrate.jakarta;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.openrewrite.test.RecipeSpec;
+import org.openrewrite.test.RewriteTest;
+
+import static org.openrewrite.xml.Assertions.xml;
+
+class JavaxPersistenceXmlToJakartaPersistenceXmlTest implements RewriteTest {
+    @Override
+    public void defaults(RecipeSpec spec) {
+        spec.recipeFromResources("org.openrewrite.java.migrate.jakarta.JavaxPersistenceXmlToJakartaPersistenceXml");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void migratesCustomResourceName() {
+        rewriteRun(
+          xml(
+            """
+              <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.0"/>
+              """,
+            """
+              <persistence xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence" version="3.0"/>
+              """,
+            spec -> spec.path("src/test/resources/test-persistence.xml")
+          )
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void preservesUnrelatedXmlAndNewerJakartaDescriptors() {
+        rewriteRun(
+          xml("<persistence xmlns=\"urn:example\" version=\"1.0\"/>",
+            spec -> spec.path("config.xml")),
+          xml("<persistence xmlns=\"https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence\" version=\"3.2\"/>",
+            spec -> spec.path("META-INF/persistence.xml"))
+        );
+    }
+}