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EffectiveC
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//typename的双重意义
//嵌套从属类型
template <typename C>
print2nd(const C& container)
{
//以下是一个嵌套从属名称,因为C是模板参数,并且const_iterator被嵌套于
//这个C中,所以下面需要使用typename,表明它是一个类型
typename C::const_iterator* x;
}
//typename只被用来验明嵌套从属类型名称,其他名称不该有它存在
template <typename C> //允许使用typename与class,此中情况下等同
void f(const C& container, //正常类型,不允许使用typename
typename C::iterator iter); //嵌套类型,需要使用typename
//特殊情况,typename不可以出现在基类列表内的嵌套从属类型名称之前,也不可在
//成员初始化列表中作为base class修饰符
template <typename T>
class Derived : public Base<T>::Nested //基类列表中不允许
{
public:
explicit Derived(int x)
: Base<T>::Nested(x) //成员初始化列表中不允许
{
typename Base<T>::Nested temp; //嵌套从属类型加typename
}
};
//STL中typename
template <typename IterT>
void workWithIterator(IterT iter)
{
//为嵌套从属类型使用一个类型声明符,value_type就代表这个类型
typedef typename std::iterator_traits<IterT>::value_type value_type;
value_type temp(*iter);
}
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