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EffectiveC
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//避免掩盖继承而来的名称
//如以下类
class Base
{
private:
int x;
public:
virtual void mf1()=0;
virtual void mf1(int);
virtual void mf2();
void mf3();
void mf3(double);
};
class Derived : public Base
{
public:
virtual void mf1(); //这里会将基类的mf1,mf1(int)都隐藏掉,遮盖了名称
void mf3(); //这里也如mf1一样,将基类的两个mf3遮盖
void mf4();
};
Derived d;
int x;
d.mf1(); //Derived::mf1
d.mf1(x); //错误,因为继承类掩盖了基类的mf1(int)
d.mf2(); //Derived::mf2
d.mf3(); //Derived::mf3
d.mf3(x); //错误,掩盖了基类的mf3(int)
//为了避免名称被掩盖,1 public继承下可以使用using声明式
class Base
{
private:
int x;
public:
virtual void mf1()=0;
virtual void mf1(int);
virtual void mf2();
void mf3();
void mf3(double);
};
class Derived : public Base
{
public:
using Base::mf1; //让base类名为mf1和mf3的所有东西(函数了变量了)
using Base::mf3; //在Derived作用域内都可见(并且是public)
virtual void mf1();
void mf3();
void mf4();
};
d.mf1(); //Derived::mf1
d.mf1(x); //没问题,Base::mf1(int)
d.mf2(); //Derived::mf2
d.mf3(); //Derived::mf3
d.mf3(x); //没问题,Base::mf3(int)
//为了避免名称被掩盖,2 使用转交函数继承一个函数
class Base
{
private:
int x;
public:
virtual void mf1()=0;
virtual void mf1(int);
...
};
class Derived : private Base
{
public:
virtual void mf1()
{
Base::mf1(); //转交函数,暗自成为inline
}
};
d.mf1(); //Derived::mf1
d.mf1(x); //错误,名称被掩盖
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